Table 1. Kilauea summit SO2 emission rates - vehicle-based Date SO2 (t/d) SD WS (m/s) WD N 01/06/98 110 20 5.5 32 5 01/12/98 130 40 4.1 30 6 01/29/98 100 20 7.0 27 6 02/13/98 90 10 4.3 28 6 02/17/98 120 40 4.0 30 6 02/24/98 100 20 5.0 35 6 03/03/98 90 10 4.6 28 6 03/18/98 130 20 6.6 34 6 03/19/98 90 30 3.2 40 6 03/23/98 130 30 6.5 30 6 03/24/98 120 30 5.9 30 6 04/08/98 90 20 3.7 35 6 04/14/98 110 30 7.9 30 5 04/15/98 110 20 6.2 35 6 04/18/98 120 40 5.2 21 6 04/22/98 120 50 6.4 30 6 04/29/98 160 40 6.2 16 6 05/15/98 150 40 4.6 31 4 05/19/98 100 40 5.5 36 6 05/27/98 120 20 5.0 25 6 05/29/98 140 40 6.8 35 6 06/08/98 160 20 6.1 17 8 06/10/98 80 10 5.3 39 4 06/17/98 120 40 5.5 35 6 06/21/98 120 20 6.4 41 6 06/26/98 110 20 6.5 33 6 06/30/98 130 50 5.3 35 6 07/06/98 140 20 9.1 26 6 07/13/98 100 30 5.4 39 6 07/21/98 120 20 5.4 30 5 07/30/98 130 30 6.4 40 6 08/02/98 120 30 5.2 27 6 08/13/98 140 10 6.7 35 4 08/19/98 170 40 9.3 32 6 08/24/98 110 40 6.9 40 6 08/31/98 130 40 6.8 38 6 09/08/98 120 30 4.4 35 6 09/14/98 130 30 6.4 30 6 09/24/98 130 20 3.8 34 6 09/28/98 140 10 5.6 34 6 10/13/98 120 20 7.0 34 6 10/20/98 140 20 4.5 23 5 10/26/98 150 20 8.0 35 6 11/02/98 130 20 5.4 33 6 11/09/98 110 30 4.5 36 6 11/18/98 110 10 3.9 37 6 11/27/98 120 30 6.1 29 7 12/01/98 120 20 5.9 42 6 12/09/98 80 20 5.0 39 6 12/10/98 90 20 5.8 28 6 12/11/98 120 10 6.7 37 6 12/24/98 80 20 3.4 33 6 01/13/99 100 20 3.8 34 6 01/25/99 90 20 7.4 47 6 02/04/99 90 40 5.8 21 6 02/08/99 40 10 6.0 32 6 02/09/99 60 20 6.0 37 6 02/17/99 60 10 3.1 34 6 02/23/99 50 10 4.4 42 6 03/03/99 50 10 3.1 40 6 03/05/99 70 10 4.6 35 6 03/08/99 80 10 5.0 45 6 03/09/99 80 10 6.8 36 6 03/16/99 110 20 6.0 42 6 03/23/99 70 10 6.0 30 6 03/30/99 90 20 7.2 14 6 04/07/99 90 20 5.2 43 6 04/12/99 60 30 3.5 43 6 04/16/99 90 20 7.5 27 5 04/23/99 90 20 6.0 38 5 04/27/99 80 20 5.0 40 6 05/06/99 90 20 4.2 37 8 05/19/99 100 30 4.5 38 6 05/25/99 90 20 9.3 35 7 06/01/99 90 30 5.2 32 6 06/07/99 100 20 5.2 37 6 06/14/99 120 40 3.9 31 7 06/15/99 90 30 5.5 45 7 06/17/99 160 30 9.5 12 7 06/21/99 130 10 5.9 38 6 06/24/99 120 10 6.8 37 7 06/29/99 110 20 9.2 36 6 07/06/99 100 20 6.0 38 7 07/14/99 100 20 4.3 30 6 07/21/99 120 5 8.1 30 6 07/30/99 130 20 5.8 38 6 08/10/99 80 20 3.9 39 7 08/19/99 110 30 4.2 38 6 08/23/99 80 10 6.8 49 6 08/30/99 120 30 6.6 37 6 09/13/99 120 30 6.9 30 6 09/17/99 100 20 5.8 43 6 09/20/99 100 30 6.3 38 6 09/23/99 160 10 6.8 36 3 09/24/99 120 30 7.7 45 6 09/29/99 150 30 6.5 46 6 10/04/99 150 20 6.1 40 6 10/12/99 140 40 5.4 37 5 10/22/99 100 20 4.3 39 6 10/25/99 100 40 4.3 49 6 10/28/99 110 50 4.8 45 3 11/01/99 100 30 5.0 45 6 11/05/99 80 20 6.3 40 6 11/08/99 110 30 4.5 38 20 11/15/99 120 30 4.9 38 20 11/24/99 70 20 5.2 47 6 11/26/99 210 30 8.1 33 5 12/01/99 60 30 2.9 33 6 12/07/99 180 40 5.8 41 6 01/04/00 90 20 5.6 46 7 01/14/00 120 50 7.1 21 3 02/01/00 90 30 7.0 26 5 03/07/00 180 30 4.9 46 6 03/13/00 70 20 4.9 37 2 03/23/00 90 10 6.7 34 6 03/28/00 90 30 6.6 37 4 04/06/00 110 20 4.8 33 6 04/12/00 120 30 8.2 29 6 04/19/00 110 20 7.8 37 7 04/20/00 120 20 8.1 27 4 04/26/00 100 20 7.0 38 6 05/03/00 110 20 7.3 38 6 05/10/00 90 30 6.7 38 6 05/19/00 60 10 4.3 63 6 05/24/00 130 20 3.6 34 6 05/30/00 120 20 5.8 41 6 06/05/00 100 20 6.3 42 6 06/13/00 100 30 5.3 33 6 06/21/00 80 10 5.5 33 7 06/27/00 110 20 6.0 20 6 07/10/00 100 20 3.5 28 6 07/19/00 100 10 4.9 35 6 07/28/00 110 10 5.6 34 5 08/03/00 110 10 6.1 38 6 08/10/00 120 20 6.2 24 6 08/14/00 190 50 4.5 30 6 08/25/00 100 20 6.9 39 6 08/31/00 110 20 6.3 40 6 12/05/00 90 20 3.8 43 6 12/13/00 130 30 4.8 35 8 12/20/00 100 10 5.7 34 2 01/08/01 90 30 3.4 35 6 01/16/01 110 40 3.0 27 10 01/18/01 110 40 4.8 33 5 01/22/01 160 60 7.6 13 5 01/29/01 110 30 4.5 38 8 02/13/01 80 20 4.7 41 5 02/27/01 90 20 5.6 39 6 03/13/01* 130 20 6.7 22 2 03/15/01 120 30 4.4 49 6 03/16/01** 120 50 6.5 52 2 03/27/01 80 20 4.4 15 6 04/03/01 140 30 11.1 20 5 04/09/01 130 5 5.5 25 5 04/17/01 110 20 6.0 30 5 04/23/01 110 10 5.7 27 5 05/01/01 120 40 4.5 29 8 05/03/01 130 10 5.3 30 5 05/08/01 110 30 5.2 29 4 05/10/01 120 20 5.2 31 6 05/15/01 160 30 5.5 36 7 05/21/01 160 70 2.8 25 11 05/23/01 70 20 3.4 15 3 06/04/01 100 10 4.1 29 4 06/11/01 120 30 5.9 19 8 06/21/01 110 20 6.4 6 6 06/26/01 130 20 9.0 8 5 07/03/01 150 40 5.0 5 5 07/06/01 160 30 8.0 7 5 07/11/01 130 40 6.2 24 9 07/17/01 150 20 7.8 21 6 07/26/01 150 50 5.1 10 6 08/01/01 100 20 6.5 33 6 08/03/01 100 20 5.9 23 3 08/06/01 120 30 6.3 14 5 08/13/01 130 40 7.8 20 5 08/23/01 130 30 6.4 15 5 08/28/01 120 30 5.8 12 6 09/07/01 90 20 5.0 12 6 09/12/01 110 20 6.8 30 5 09/17/01 100 30 7.7 30 6 09/25/01 120 30 8.3 32 6 10/04/01 70 20 4.3 30 6 10/09/01 110 40 8.3 20 6 10/18/01 110 30 7.8 26 6 10/29/01 80 20 8.3 31 6 10/31/01 90 30 8.7 10 3 11/01/01 120 30 9.2 16 6 11/01/01 120 60 8.5 19 6 11/21/01 100 20 3.7 25 5 11/29/01 30 10 4.5 28 6 12/06/01 20 10 6.2 32 6 12/11/01 40 20 6.0 27 6 12/17/01 40 10 8.1 23 6 Abreviations: t/d=metric tonne (1000 kg)/day, SD=standard deviation, WS=wind speed, WD=wind direction east of north, N=number of traverses *COSPEC V measurements begin **COSPEC IV results (COSPEC V instrument problems)